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Transmission of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the Pork Production Chain from Farm to Slaughterhouse▿

机译：猪肉生产链中耶尔森氏菌假结核病从农场到屠宰场的传播▿

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The transmission of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the pork production chain was followed from farm to slaughterhouse by studying the same 364 pigs from different production systems at farm and slaughterhouse levels. In all, 1,785 samples were collected, and the isolated Y. pseudotuberculosis strains were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The results of microbial sampling were combined with data from an on-farm observation and questionnaire study to elucidate the associations between farm factors and the prevalence of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Following the same pigs in the production chain from farm to slaughterhouse, we were able to show similar Y. pseudotuberculosis genotypes in live animals, pluck sets (containing tongue, tonsils, esophagus, trachea, heart, lungs, diaphragm, liver, and kidneys), and carcasses and to conclude that Y. pseudotuberculosis contamination originates from the farms, is transported to slaughterhouses with pigs, and transfers to pluck sets and carcasses in the slaughter process. The study also showed that the high prevalence of Y. pseudotuberculosis in live pigs predisposes carcasses and pluck sets to contamination. When production types and capacities were compared, the prevalence of Y. pseudotuberculosis was higher in organic production than in conventional production and on conventional farms with high rather than low production capacity. We were also able to associate specific farm factors with the prevalence of Y. pseudotuberculosis by using a questionnaire and on-farm observations. On farms, contact with pest animals and the outside environment and a rise in the number of pigs on the farm appear to increase the prevalence of Y. pseudotuberculosis.
机译：通过研究来自农场和屠宰场不同生产系统的同样364头猪，追踪了猪肉耶生产链中耶尔森氏菌在猪肉生产链中的传播情况。总共收集了1,785个样品，并通过脉冲场凝胶电泳分析了分离的假结核耶尔森氏菌菌株。将微生物采样的结果与农场观察和问卷调查的数据相结合，以阐明农场因素与假结核耶尔森氏菌患病率之间的关系。在从农场到屠宰场的生产链中使用相同的猪之后，我们能够在活体动物，采摘组（包含舌，扁桃体，食道，气管，心脏，肺，diaphragm肌，肝和肾脏）中显示相似的假结核耶尔森氏菌基因型。以及尸体，并得出结论，假结核耶尔森氏菌污染源于养殖场，与猪一起被运送到屠宰场，并在屠宰过程中转移到采摘套件和屠体中。该研究还表明，活猪中假结核耶尔森氏菌的高流行使cas体和采摘套件容易受到污染。当比较生产类型和生产能力时，有机生产中假结核耶尔森氏菌的患病率高于常规生产以及生产能力高而不是低的常规农场。我们还能够通过使用调查表和农场观察将特定的农场因素与假结核耶尔森氏菌的患病率相关联。在农场上，与害虫动物和外部环境的接触以及农场上猪的数量增加似乎增加了假结核耶尔森氏菌的流行。

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